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Baldwin SA, Bauer DJ, Stice E, Rohde P. Evaluating models for partially clustered designs. Psychological Methods. 2011;16(2):149–65. Epub 2011/4/27.

Baldwin SA, Murray DM, Shadish WR. Empirically supported treatments or type I errors? Problems with the analysis of data from group-administered treatments. J Consult Clin Psychol. 2005;73(5):924–35. Epub 2005/11/17.

Bauer DJ, Sterba SK, Hallfors DD. Evaluating group-based interventions when control participants are ungrouped. Multivariate Behav Res. 2008;43(2):210–236. Epub 2008/4/2.

Boutron I, Altman DG, Moher D, Schulz KF, Ravaud P, Consort NPT Group. CONSORT Statement for Randomized Trials of Nonpharmacologic Treatments: A 2017 update and a CONSORT Extension for Nonpharmacologic Trial Abstracts. Ann Intern Med. 2017;167(1):40–47. Epub 2017/6/20.

Boutron I, Moher D, Altman DG, Schulz KF, Ravaud P. Extending the CONSORT statement to randomized trials of nonpharmacologic treatment: Explanation and elaboration. Ann Intern Med. 2008;148(4):295–309. Epub 2008/2/1.

Brown H, Hedeker D, Gibbons RD, Duan N, Almirall D, Gallo C, … Wyman PA. Accounting for Context in Randomized Trials after Assignment. Prev Sci. 2022;23(8):1321–32. Epub 2022/9/9.

Browne WJ, Goldstein H, Rasbash J. Multiple membership multiple classification (MMMC) models Stat Modelling. 2001;1(2):103–24.

Candel MJ, van Breukelen GJ. Varying cluster sizes in trials with clusters in one treatment arm: Sample size adjustments when testing treatment effects with linear mixed models. Statistics in Medicine. 2009;28(18):2307–24. Epub 2009/5/1.

Candlish J, Teare MD, Dimairo M, Flight L, Mandefield L, Walters SJ. Appropriate statistical methods for analysing partially nested randomised controlled trials with continuous outcomes: a simulation study. BMC Med Res Methodol. 2018;18(1):105. Epub 2018/10/11.

Carlbring P, Bohman S, Brunt S, Buhrman M, Westling BE, Ekselius L, Andersson G. Remote treatment of panic disorder: A randomized trial of internet-based cognitive behavior therapy supplemented with telephone calls. Am J Psychiatry. 2006;163(12):2119–25. Epub 2006/12/8.

Cook JA, Bruckner T, MacLennan GS, Seiler CM. Clustering in surgical trials--database of intracluster correlations. Trials. 2012;13:2. Epub 2012/1/6.

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Hemming K, Kasza J, Hooper R, Forbes AB, Taljaard M. A tutorial on sample size calculation for multiple-period cluster randomized parallel, cross-over and stepped-wedge trials using the Shiny CRT Calculator. Int J Epidemiol. 2020;49(3):979–995. Epub 2020/2/22.

Hemming K, Taljaard M, Moerbeek M, Forbes A. Contamination: How much can an individually randomized trial tolerate? Stat Med. 2021;40(14):3329–51. Epub 2021/5/7.

Heo M, Litwin AH, Blackstock O, Kim N, Arnsten JH. Sample size determinations for group-based randomized clinical trials with different levels of data hierarchy between experimental and control arms. Stat Methods Med Res. 2017;26(1):399–413. Epub 2016/7/11.

Hooper R, Forbes AB, Hemming K, Takeda A, Beresford L. Analysis of cluster randomised trials with an assessment of outcome at baseline. BMJ. 2018;360:k1121. Epub 2018/3/20.

Hoover DR. Clinical trials of behavioral interventions with heterogeneous teaching subgroup effects. Statistics in Medicine. 2002;21(10):1351–1364.

Jeffery RW, Linde J, Finch E, Rothman AJ, King CM. A satisfaction enhancement intervention for long-term weight loss. Obesity. 2006;14(5):863–869.

Kahan BC, Morris TP. Assessing potential sources of clustering in individually randomised trials. BMC Med Res Methodol. 2013;13:58. Epub 2013/4/16.

Kahan BC, Morris TP. Analysis of multicentre trials with continuous outcomes: When and how should we account for centre effects? Stat Med. 2013;32(7):1136–49. Epub 2012/10/30.

Lai MH, Kwok OM. Estimating standardized effect sizes for two- and three-level partially nested data. Multivariate Behav Res. 2016;51(6):740–756. Epub 2016/11/1.

Lange KM, Kasza J, Sullivan TR, Yelland LN. Partially clustered designs for clinical trials: Unifying existing designs using consistent terminology. Clin Trials. 2023;20(2):99–110. Epub 2023/1/10.

Lange KM. Sample Size Calculations for Partially Clustered Trials Stat Med. 2025;44:15–17.

Lee KJ, Thompson SG. The use of random effects model to allow for clustering of individually randomized trials. Clinical Trials. 2005b;2(2):163–173.

Lee KJ, Thompson SG. Clustering by health professional in individually randomised trials. BMJ. 2005a;330(7483):142–4. Epub 2005/1/15.

Lohr S, Schochet P, Sanders E. Partially nested randomized controlled trials in education research: A guide to design and analysis. 2014 Washington, DC: National Center for Educational Research, Institute of Education Sciences, U.S. Department of Education. Available at: https://ies.ed.gov/ncer/pubs/20142000/pdf/20142000.pdf.

Luo W, Cappaert KJ, Ning L. Modelling partially cross-classified multilevel data. Br J Math Stat Psychol. 2015;68(2):342–62. Epub 2015/3/13.

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Moerbeek M. Optimal designs for group randomized trials and group administered treatments with outcomes at the subject and group level. Stat Methods Med Res. 2020;29(3):797–810. Epub 2019/5/1.

Moerbeek M, Wong WK. Sample size formulae for trials comparing group and individual treatments in a multilevel model. Statistics in Medicine. 2008;27(15):2850–64. Epub 2007/10/26.

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Oltean H, Gagnier JJ. Use of clustering analysis in randomized controlled trials in orthopaedic surgery. BMC Med Res Methodol. 2015;15:17. Epub 2015/4/19.

Pals SL, Murray DM, Alfano CM, Shadish WR, Hannan PJ, Baker WL. Individually randomized group treatment trials: A critical appraisal of frequently used design and analytic approaches. American Journal of Public Health. 2008;98(8):1418–1424. Epub 2008/6/12. Erratum.

Pals SL, Wiegand RE, Murray DM. Ignoring the group in group-level HIV/AIDS intervention trials: A review of reported design and analytic methods. Aids. 2011;25(7):989–96. Epub 2011/4/14.

Roberts C. The implications of noncompliance for randomized trials with partial nesting due to group treatment. Stat Med. 2021;40(2):349–368. Epub 2020/10/28.

Roberts C, Batistatou E, Roberts SA. Design and analysis of trials with a partially nested design and a binary outcome measure. Stat Med. 2016;35(10):1616–36. Epub 2015/12/15.

Roberts C, Roberts SA. Design and analysis of clinical trials with clustering effects due to treatment. Clinical Trials. 2005;2(2):152–162.

Roberts C, Walwyn R. Design and analysis of non-pharmacological treatment trials with multiple therapists per patient. Statistics in Medicine. 2013;32(1):81–98. Epub 2012/8/2.

Sterba SK. Partially nested designs in psychotherapy trials: A review of modeling developments. Psychother Res. 2017;27(4):425–436. Epub 2015/12/19.

Teerenstra S, Kasza J, Leontjevas R, Forbes AB. Sample size for partially nested designs and other nested or crossed designs with a continuous outcome when adjusted for baseline. Stat Med. 2023;42(19):3568–92. Epub 2023/6/22.

Torgerson DJ. Contamination in trials: Is cluster randomisation the answer? BMJ. 2001;322(7282):355–7.

Turner EL, Li F, Gallis JA, Prague M, Murray DM. Review of recent methodological developments in group-randomized trials: Part 1-Design. Am J Public Health. 2017a;107(6):907–915. Epub 2017/4/20.

Turner EL, Prague M, Gallis JA, Li F, Murray DM. Review of recent methodological developments in group-randomized trials: Part 2-Analysis. Am J Public Health. 2017b;107(7):1078–1086. Epub 2017/5/18.

Varnell SP, Murray DM, Baker WL. An evaluation of analysis options for the one-group-per-condition design. Can any of the alternatives overcome the problems inherent in this design? Eval Rev. 2001;25(4):440–53.

Walwyn R, Roberts C. Therapist variation within randomised trials of psychotherapy: implications for precision, internal and external validity. Stat Methods Med Res. 2010;19(3):291–315. Epub 2009/7/16.

Wang X, Turner EL, Li F. Designing individually randomized group treatment trials with repeated outcome measurements using generalized estimating equations. Stat Med. 2024;43(2):358–78. Epub 2023/11/27.